Relationships Among Tongue Pressures in Healthy 20-39-Year-Olds in America
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Authors
Fisher, Katherine M.
Issue Date
2024
Type
Thesis
Language
Keywords
Anterior , IOPI , Maximum Isometric Pressure , Posterior , Pressure , Tongue Strength
Alternative Title
Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to establish normative data for anterior and posterior tongue pressures of twenty-five females and twenty-five males who are monolingual, English-speaking individuals 20-39 years of age in the United States, to determine the presence of sex disparities in tongue pressure and to calculate a ratio of tongue pressure from the anterior (front) and the posterior (back) regions of the tongue. Method: Fifty participants (twenty-five females, twenty-five males; 20�"39 years of age) participated in the investigation. Participants had to fit within the inclusion criteria of monolingual English speaking with no relevant medical diagnosis. The Iowa Oral Performance Instrument (IOPI) was used to gather tongue pressures from both anterior and posterior positions for three trials. The highest number of the three trials for both anterior and posterior position, or their maximum isometric pressure (MIP), was then put into a ratio. Results: The data collected further supports the research that states the 40-80 kPa is the average range for tongue pressures. The data also found that there were no significant differences between mean MIP anterior (MIPa) and mean MIP posterior (MIPp) between the two sexes. A ratio was created for all 50 participants using the MIP of both anterior and posterior pressures. Conclusion: This thesis adds to the lack of normative research for anterior and posterior tongue pressure and found that there is not a statistically significant difference in female vs male tongue pressure. Anterior tongue pressure is greater than posterior tongue pressure among the general population. The data was used to create a ratio from the anterior and posterior positions that medical professionals can refer to when making clinical decisions for the first time in the current literature.